Loop diuretics have mixed effects on fracture risk
February 17th 2009In an analysis of fracture risk associated with loop diuretic use among postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) study, investigators demonstrated no significant association between loop diuretic use and fractures or changes in bone mineral density (BMD). With prolonged use of loop diuretics, however, the risk of fracture was modestly increased.
Breast cancer incidence reduced after discontinuation of estrogen plus progestin
February 17th 2009Initial results of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) study demonstrated an increased risk of breast cancer among postmenopausal women treated with estrogen plus progestin. A new long-term analysis of this study published in the New England Journal of Medicine demonstrated that breast cancer incidence decreased markedly after WHI study participants discontinued hormone therapy.
Development of axitinib for pancreatic cancer discontinued
February 17th 2009Pfizer is discontinuing a phase 3 study of axitinib for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. An analysis by an independent data safety monitoring board demonstrated that there was no improvement in survival among patients treated with axitininb plus gemcitabine versus those treated with gemcitabine alone.
Preventable medication errors: Look-alike/sound-alike mix-ups
February 1st 2009Confusing drug names, or "look-alike/sound-alike names" (LASAs), are among the most common reasons for medication errors worldwide; these errors can lead to both morbidity and mortality. Both technological innovations and better communication can help healthcare professionals track and prevent these medication mix-ups.
Healthcare reform requires a hard look at drug costs and savings
February 1st 2009Among members of the new administration, congressional leaders, payors, and providers, many are eager to transform the nation's healthcare system to curb unnecessary spending and make coverage more fair and efficient. A chief problem is that the US healthcare bill keeps increasing faster than the rest of the economy, with little to show in the way of quality improvement.
Dronedarone: An antiarrhythmic agent for the management of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter
February 1st 2009Dronedarone, an investigational antiarrhythmic agent being studied for the management of AF and atrial flutter, has a pharmacologic mechanism of action that is similar to that of amiodarone, but dronedarone lacks an iodine moiety, which may result in less thyroid and pulmonary toxicity. Dronedarone is currently pending FDA approval; the agent was granted priority review in August 2008.
FDA seeks more resources and new leadership
January 20th 2009For the last few years, FDA has struggled with a depleted workforce, obsolete information technology (IT), and, according to its advisory Science Board, a weak science base. A new administration and new FDA leadership may provide an opportunity for change.
FDA guidance on reprint practices: Dissemination of off-label information OK
January 20th 2009In newly released guidance for industry regarding good reprint practices for the distribution of journal articles and reference publications on off-label uses of approved drugs, FDA states that distribution of such materials is acceptable if the publications meet certain criteria for objectivity.
FDA: Ezetimibe/simvastatin (Vytorin) effective in lowering LDL
January 20th 2009After completing a review of the final clinical study report from the Effect of Combination Ezetimibe and High-Dose Simvastatin vs. Simvastatin Alone on the Atherosclerotic Process in Patients with Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (ENHANCE) trial, FDA stated that treatment with ezetimibe/simvastatin (Vytorin, Merck/Schering-Plough) did not result in significant changes in carotid artery thickness compared with simvastatin (Zocor, Merck), but the combination of ezetimibe and simvastatin did lead to significantly greater decreases in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol compared with simvastatin alone.
Telepharmacy reaches out to the underserved
January 20th 2009Not so long ago, medically underserved rural communities had only limited options, if any, when need arose for healthcare services and pharmaceutical support. That situation is finally changing, as necessity and technology converge in emerging applications of telepharmacy, the delivery of pharmaceutical care by means of telecommunications and information technologies to patients at a distance from large, usually urban tertiary healthcare centers.
Sugammadex: A selective relaxant binding agent for neuromuscular block reversal
January 1st 2009Sugammadex is a novel, first-in-class, selective relaxant binding agent that encapsulates the nondepolarizing aminosteroid muscle relaxants rocuronium and vecuronium, reversing and preventing their neuromuscular block (NMB) action. Clinical trials have demonstrated that sugammadex is effective in reversing both rocuronium- and vecuronium-induced NMB, and the agent has been well tolerated in studies.
Tinzaparin increases mortality risk in elderly patients
December 15th 2008FDA announced that the agency is evaluating data from a clinical study in which all-cause mortality was increased among patients treated with tinzaparin (Innohep, Celgene) versus patients treated with unfractionated heparin (UFH).
Rosiglitazone associated with higher mortality rate versus pioglitazone
December 15th 2008Rosiglitazone was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and congestive heart failure (CHF) compared with pioglitazone in an inception cohort study of patients aged >65 years. Patients treated with rosiglitazone or pioglitazone demonstrated similar rates of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. These results were published in the Archives of Internal Medicine.
Peginterferon maintenance therapy does not improve progression in HCV
December 15th 2008Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection who have not responded to previous treatment with pegylated interferon alfa-2a (peginterferon) and ribavirin do not demonstrate a reduced rate of disease progression when they undergo long-term treatment with pegylated interferon alfa-2a compared with untreated patients. These results were published in the New England Journal of Medicine.
Generic CV drugs are clinically equivalent to brand-name drugs
December 15th 2008Evidence supports the clinical equivalence of generic and brand-name cardiovascular drugs, according to a meta-analysis published in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Despite this evidence, more than half of the editorials discussing the issue of generic interchangeability that were assessed in this analysis do not support generic substitution for brand-name cardiovascular drugs.
Second-generation antidepressants similar in efficacy
December 1st 2008Second-generation antidepressants generally have equivalent efficacy, according to a review published in the Annals of Internal Medicine. Although these agents demonstrate similar response rates, differences in onset of action or side effects may affect prescribing decisions.
Economic crisis will challenge Obama's health coverage expansion plans
December 1st 2008During his campaign for the presidency, President-elect Barack Obama stated that all Americans have a right to healthcare and that he will expand coverage for the uninsured. Many voters cited healthcare as a key election issue; however, the need to address a rising unemployment rate and low economic growth may force Obama to seek more limited changes in the near future.